In the 1900s, artists such as the Impressionists and Pablo Picasso had blazed a path away from realism towards more expressive art. This trend continues in the 1910s as artists push the limit of what art is. Cubists moved away from paint as a medium and adopted other media, including using real objects. At the same time, others were experiencing with colors and modernity by showcasing new inventions such as airplanes and new constructions like the Eiffel Tower. Abstract art continued to expand, and drifted even more away from representing reality, instead composing purely visual images with no basis in the real world. Other pre-First World War art movements included Futurism and Vorticism, both of which were concerned with modern life, lines, and angles.
The First World War changed art. Artists went to the front, fought, and died. Many were commissioned to illustrate what they saw, but had to contend with censors. The result were bleak creations that featured muted colors, as no one was in a mood to celebrate. The war and its horrors gave birth to Dadaism, a movement which was anti-everything, and which drove absurdity, like the war itself, to its extreme. The end of the war led to a resumption of abstract art, but artists entered the metaphysical and the dream world. Women artists also emerged at this time and gained a foothold in the world of art. The decade ended with the appearance of Constructivism, where art was married to function so it could provide well as aesthetically pleasing utility.
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